Domestic cat

Female domestic cats can have kittens from spring to late autumn in temperate zones and throughout the year in equatorial regions, with litter sizes often ranging from two to five kittens. Occasionally, domestic cats ingest plant material to fulfill fiber deficiencies. Body language and vocalizations are ways in which domestic cats communicate with conspecifics. The home range of domestic cats varies greatly, depending on individual habitat.

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A male cat is called a tom, tommy or tomcat (or a gib, if neutered). The etymology is unknown, but it may be an onomatopoeia from using a sound to attract a cat. The English puss, extended as pussy and pussycat, is attested from the 16th century and may have been introduced from Dutch poes or from Low German puuskatte, related to Swedish kattepus, or Norwegian pus, pusekatt. The Nubian word kaddîska 'wildcat' and Nobiin kadīs are possible sources or cognates. The origin of the English word cat, Old English catt, is thought to be the Late Latin word cattus, which was first used at the beginning of the 6th century. Its retractable claws are adapted to killing small prey species such as mice and rats.

Their world probably looks more desaturated, or less colorful, and they also can't see long distances as well as humans. They have two types of cells in their eyes that can detect short- and long-wavelength light, while humans have three. Cats likely don't see color as well as humans, though. Cats might not be the most socially savvy, but there is evidence that they form bonds with their humans. Felines display object permanence — or the ability to realize that something still exists when it's out of sight — which is an ability humans only develop when they are around 8 months old.

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Their sense of smell is crucial to sensing prey and evaluating food. The taste receptors are located on the front, sides, and back of the tongue. The cat’s tongue is covered by numerous sensory knobs called papillae, of which several types exist. They can detect frequencies both above and below the range humans can detect. This cat “radar” is vital to the cat’s ability to move about and hunt in low-light conditions.

• Domestic cats have 19 pairs of chromosomes and, like humans, one pair of sex chromosomes determining their sex (two X chromosomes for females, one X and one Y chromosome for males).
• Living with humans is a symbiotic social adaptation that has developed over thousands of years.
• Pet humanization is a form of anthropomorphism in which cats are kept for companionship and treated more like human family members than traditional pets.
• Cats that roam outside will get fleas at some time.

The English legend of Dick Whittington details his journey from rags to riches due to his cat’s mousing prowess. The cat is also a familiar figure pet in nursery rhymes, stories, and popular entertainment. (According to legend, maneki-neko was not a black cat; she was a calico.) Maneki-neko (“beckoning cat”) figurines, usually portrayed with one raised paw, are especially common in Japan. For example, in many Western countries, a black cat is considered bad luck, though the same cat in Japan is considered an omen of good fortune.

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Feline, (family Felidae), any of 37 cat species that among others include the cheetah, puma, jaguar, leopard, lion, lynx, tiger, and domestic cat. Founded in 1990, Alley Cat Allies is the leading advocacy organization for cats with a mission to transform and develop communities to protect and improve the lives of all cats and kittens. TNR makes great public policy; it is a well considered, balanced approach to helping improve co-existence between outside cats and humans in our shared environment. This is not only good for the cats, but also does a nice job of balancing needs and concerns of the human communities in which community cats live.

• If not altered, they spend a good deal of their time seeking out sexual partners, fighting off rivals, and raising the subsequent offspring.
• In addition, bristling creates air pockets that protect the cat against cold.
• Although human civilization and domestic cats co-evolved side by side, the community cat population was not created by humans.
• This list of the best cat foods was meticulously curated by a panel of veterinarians who are employed by Chewy, the publisher of PetMD.

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The feline grimace scale's five criteria—ear position, orbital tightening, muzzle tension, whisker change, and head position—indicated the presence of acute pain in cats. Some cats have been observed to purr continuously when chronically ill or in apparent pain. Their body language, including position of ears and tail, relaxation of the whole body, and kneading of the paws, are all indicators of mood. Domestic cats use many vocalizations for communication, including purring, trilling, hissing, growling/snarling, grunting, and several different forms of meowing. Ethologically, a cat's human keeper functions as a mother surrogate. Outside these neutral areas, territory holders usually chase away stranger cats, at first by staring, hissing, and growling, and, if that does not work, by short and violent, noisy attacks.